How do we prevent osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is an age-related disorder that is characterized by the loss of the normal density of bone leading to an increased fracture risk.  It is important to build up calcium stores in our bones at a young age.  This can be done through good nutrition with the intake of Calcium and Vitamin D, which are both essential for strong bones.  Calcium may be taken through the diet or through oral supplements.  Vitamin D is needed for the body to absorb calcium. It is taken in from the diet, vitamin supplements or from our skin. Bones are living tissues that respond to exercise by becoming stronger.  That is why weight bearing exercises are highly recommended to maintain bone mass.  Exercise may also increase muscle strength and improve one’s balance, thus, decreasing the risk of falling and sustaining a fracture.  Lifestyle changes may also help in preventing osteoporosis:  cessation of smoking, limiting alcohol intake, exercising regularly and eating a well-balanced diet.  Hormonal replacement therapy may be given to menopausal women since hormones play a role in preserving bone mass in women. A bone mineral density test (BMD) is the best way to diagnose osteoporosis and determine your risk for future fractures.  You may want to talk to your health care provider about this test and the available medications used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.